Tap J., Mondot S., Levenez F., Pelletier E., Caron C., Furet J.-P., Ugarte E., Munoz-Tamayo R., Nalin R., Doré J and Leclerc M
This publication is part of Julien Tap's PhD, His first "first author" paper, congratulations!
Environmental Microbiology 2009, In Press.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez
Scientific abstract
The paradox of a host specificity of the human fecal microbiota otherwise acknowledged as characterized by global functionalities conserved between humans led us to explore the existence of a phylogenetic core. We investigated the presence of a set of bacterial molecular species that would be altogether dominant and prevalent within the fecal microbiota of healthy humans. A total of 10,456 non chimeric bacterial 16S rRNA sequences were obtained after cloning of PCR amplified rDNA from 17 human fecal DNA samples. Using alignment or tetranucleotide frequency based methods, 3,180 Operational Taxonomic Units were detected. The 16S rRNA sequences mainly belonged to the phyla Firmicutes (79.4%), Bacteroidetes (16.9%), Actinobacteria (2.5%), Proteobacteria (1%) and Verrumicrobia (0.1%). Interestingly, while most of OTUs appeared individual-specific, 2.1% were present in more than 50% of the samples and accounted for 35.8% of the total sequences. These 66 dominant and prevalent OTUs included members of the genera Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Eubacterium, Dorea, Bacteroides, Allistipes and Bifidobacterium. Furthermore, 24 OTUs had cultured type strains representatives which should be subjected to genome sequence with a high degree of priority. Strikingly, 52 of these 66 OTUs were detected in at least 3 out of 4 recently published human fecal microbiota datasets, obtained with very different experimental procedures. A statistical model confirmed these OTUs prevalence. Despite the species richness and a high individual specificity, a limited number of OTUs is shared among individuals and might represent the phylogenetic core of the human intestinal microbiota. Its role in human health appears critical to investigate.

